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KMID : 1011620160320030270
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Korean Journal of Food and Cookey Science
2016 Volume.32 No. 3 p.270 ~ p.278
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Effects of Cooking Method on the Vitamin and Mineral Contents in Frequently Used Vegetables
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Chung Hae-Kyung
Yoon Kyung-Soo
Woo Na-Ri-Yah
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Abstract
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Purpose: We have investigated for the purpose of studying change of vitamins and minerals in frequently used vegetables by low moisture cooking method.
Methods: Vitamin B complex, vitamin C and mineral (Mg, Ca, K, Zn, Fe) contents are analyzed in vegetables such as spinach, cabbage, bean sprouts and carrot which are heat-treated with degrees of water contents. Low moisture cooking method represents heat-treated vegetable (LM experiment group) with 25 wt.% water content for the vegetable weight while general blanching method includes heat-treated vegetable (GB experiment group) with 500-1,000 wt.% water content for the vegetable weight.
Results: Retention rate of vitamin B1 (thiamin) in the LM experiment group is relatively high (87.50-95.68%) and dosen’t show considerable differences from raw vegetables. On the other hand, the retention rate of vitamin B1 in GB group’s cabbage and spinach dramatically decreased to 19.46-25.00%. Retention rate of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) is sustained stably in LM experiment group (75.00-87.50% in bean sprouts, cabbage and spinach), represents that low moisture cooking method has relatively higher contents in vitamin B2. The LM experiment group has 71.43-85.71% on retention rate of niacin while the GB group shows relatively lower niacin (57.14-64.58%), represents conflicting results from the general idea that vitamin B3 is relatively stable in heat treatment and blanching. Retention rate of pantothenic acid is considerably higher in both LM and GB experiment group, indicates vitamin pantothenic acid is relatively stable in the various cooking condition such as amount of water and heat treatment. In the experiment under various water contents, vitamin C is not detected in both bean sprouts and carrots, while the contents in cabbage and spinach are 19.87 mg/100 g and 26.65 mg/100 g respectively. In the same experiment, the retention rate of Vitamin C in LM experiment group (91.65%, 92.23%) is considerably higher than GB group (58.08%, 61.61%). Retention rate of Mg, K, Fe in the LM experiment group is relatively higher than GB group.
Conclusion: Resultingly, the observations suggests that minimum water quantity and minimum heat treatment processes should be established in cooking vegetables which have soluble vitamins and minerals.
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KEYWORD
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vitamin B complex, vitamin C, mineral (Mg, Ca, K, Zn, Fe), low moisture cooking method
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